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The Peneu Blog

Payments, compliance, and merchant onboarding — explained by the team building India's payment infrastructure.

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Cover for an explainer comparing RRN and UTR payment reference numbers

RRN vs UTR: Which Payment Reference Number Do You Need?

UPI apps call it a UPI reference, UTR or RRN; bank statements say UTR; card slips say RRN. What each reference number is, how an RTGS UTR is built, where to find them, which one to quote in a complaint, and how businesses use them to reconcile payments.

28 September 2026 · 9 min read

Cover for a guide on NACH and EMI debit bounces, charges and what to do next

Banking

NACH Bounce: Charges, Consequences and What to Do Next

When an EMI or other NACH debit bounces, you can face two charges, a mark on your credit history and, in some cases, legal action. What happens after a bounce, who can charge you what under RBI's rules, what Section 25 of the Payment and Settlement Systems Act says, and how to limit the damage.

28 September 2026 · 10 min read

Cover for a guide to the FASTag Annual Pass price, rules and break-even calculation

Payments

FASTag Annual Pass: Price, Rules and Whether It Pays Off for You

The FASTag Annual Pass costs ₹3,075 for 2026–27 and covers up to 200 crossings of National Highway toll plazas in a year. Who can buy it, how trips are counted, where it doesn't work, and a simple way to work out whether it saves you money.

28 September 2026 · 9 min read

Banking

Domestic Money Transfer (DMT) in India: How It Works and RBI's Rules

Domestic money transfer lets someone without a bank account, or away from their own bank, send money by handing cash to a banking agent. How it works, the ₹5,000 and ₹25,000 limits, what RBI changed from 1 November 2024, and what senders and agents should check.

28 September 2026 · 10 min read

Payments

UPI Lite Explained: Limits, How It Works and When to Use It

UPI Lite lets you make small payments of up to ₹1,000 without entering your UPI PIN, from a balance of up to ₹5,000 kept in your UPI app. How it works, how it differs from normal UPI, when it's worth turning on, and the one risk to manage.

28 September 2026 · 8 min read

Cover illustration for a guide to QR codes and soundbox devices in shops

Payments

QR & Soundbox: Making Offline Retail Payments Instant

Static and dynamic QR codes, speaker devices that announce payments, tap-and-pay UPI, and the fake-screenshot problem: how small shops and counters can take digital payments reliably and match them at day's end.

8 July 2026 · 6 min read

Cover illustration explaining payment reconciliation

Guides

Payment Reconciliation, Demystified

Reconciliation is how a business proves that what it sold, what it was paid and what reached the bank all agree. The three-way match, why totals mislead, common mismatches and a daily routine that works.

7 July 2026 · 7 min read

Cover illustration for a guide to scalable payment infrastructure

Platform

Building Payment Infrastructure That Scales With You

What changes in payments as a business grows from hundreds to millions of transactions: idempotency, notices, status as data, reconciliation, observability, provider redundancy and the controls that keep it safe.

5 July 2026 · 8 min read

Cover illustration comparing NACH and eNACH mandates

Guides

NACH vs. eNACH: Choosing the Right Recurring Payment Mandate

Physical NACH, eNACH, UPI and card e-mandates all collect recurring payments, in different ways. How each is set up, what it suits, where it fails, and how to choose for your customers.

1 July 2026 · 7 min read

Showing 10–18 of 26 articles

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